This work was carried out with the purpose of giving the reader an ease of understanding the subject at hand.
To speak of an audit, we necessarily have to mention and refer to the financial information presented by the companies, since the audit is based on said reports to make an exhaustive examination of the data contained in the Financial Statements, reviewing the annual accounts. as accounting and financial data.
The accounting system basically provides two types of information: external and management.
• External information: is the information provided by the financial or general accounting, the greatest utility of which is focused on external users and the presentation of the annual accounts.
• Management information: is the information provided by accounting, both internal and external, to be used in the field of management and, in this way, allow those responsible to make decisions.
Through financial accounting, the assets of the economic unit, assets, rights and obligations are presented, as well as the changes and variations that occur; on the other hand, the results obtained; and, finally, the valuation practices, principles and requirements applied for its determination, as well as the liquidity situation, its origin and use.
The audit originates as a social need generated by economic development, industrial complexity and the globalization of the economy, which have produced oversized companies in which the holders of capital and those responsible for management are separated. It is about providing maximum transparency to the economic-financial information that the company provides to all users, both direct and indirect.
There is a great variety of terms to express the same concept, audit, due to the extensive development that this discipline has had in recent years. In the content we will find some definitions of auditing from an external approach.
Auditing is a practice of transcendental social and economic importance, it allows to establish relationships of various kinds between economic agents, due to the trust that is placed in the work of public accountants when they extend their personal guarantee or public faith, regarding the work investigation called audit. It is not possible to expect that the audit will continue with the ideas of its genesis before the Christian era, or with the changes suffered because of the great depression, the responsibility of the audit now has to do with the betterment of society as an effect of the change of organizations.
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